Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), author of the American Declaration of Independence and third president of the United States, was also a talent architect. He began designing the house in 1768. Construction began soon afterward. It continued for more than 10 years. When Jefferson left for France in 1784, Monticello was mostly finished. While he was in France, Jefferson’s ideas about architecture changed. Many European architects were basing their designs on the buildings of ancient Rome. Jefferson decided to rebuild Monticello in a similar style. When he returned to the United States in 1789, he had much of the house torn down. The redesigned Monticello was completed in 1809.
The Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation restored the house and its furniture. It also restored the orchard, vineyard, plantation, and vegetable garden that Jefferson had planted.
Monticello was designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1987 and is the only presidential or private home that became a UNESCO WHS site in the United States.
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